Ecuador Reader

Carlos de la Torre and Steve Striffler (Editors)

Description

Encompassing Amazonian rainforests, Andean peaks, coastal lowlands, and the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador's geography is notably diverse. So too are its history, culture, and politics, all of which are examined from many perspectives in The Ecuador Reader. Spanning the years before the arrival of the Spanish in the early 1500s to the present, this rich anthology addresses colonialism, independence, the nation's integration into the world economy, and its tumultuous twentieth century. Interspersed among forty-eight written selections are more than three dozen images.The voices and creations of Ecuadorian politicians, writers, artists, scholars, activists, and journalists fill the Reader, from Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra, the nation's ultimate populist and five-time president, to Pancho Jaime, a political satirist; from Julio Jaramillo, a popular twentieth-century singer, to anonymous indigenous women artists who produced ceramics in the 1500s; and from the poems of Afro-Ecuadorians, to the fiction of the vanguardist Pablo Palacio, to a recipe for traditional Quiteno-style shrimp. The Reader includes an interview with Nina Pacari, the first indigenous woman elected to Ecuador's national assembly, and a reflection on how to balance tourism with the protection of the Galapagos Islands' magnificent ecosystem. Complementing selections by Ecuadorians, many never published in English, are samples of some of the best writing on Ecuador by outsiders, including an account of how an indigenous group with non-Inca origins came to see themselves as definitively Incan, an exploration of the fascination with the Andes from the 1700s to the present, chronicles of the less-than-exemplary behavior of U.S. corporations in Ecuador, an examination of Ecuadorians' overseas migration, and a look at the controversy surrounding the selection of the first black Miss Ecuador.

Sujets

• Sociologie, société et politique
• América del Sur
• South America
• History of the Americas
• Ecuador

Informations

• Publié par: Duke University Press
• Date de parution: 16 janvier 2009
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780822390114
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 2 Mo

Extrait

The Ecuador Reader

T HE L A T I N A ME R I C A R E A DE R S A series edited by Robin Kirk and Orin Starn

Also in this series:

t h e p e r u r e a d e r : h i s t o r y , c u l t u r e , p o l i t i c s ( n o w i n 2 n d e d i t i o n ) Edited by Orin Starn, Carlos Iván Degregori, and Robin Kirk

t h e b r a z i l r e a d e r : h i s t o r y , c u l t u r e , p o l i t i c s Edited by Robert M. Levine and John J. Crocitti

t h e a r g e n t i n a r e a d e r : h i s t o r y , c u l t u r e , p o l i t i c s Edited by Gabriella Nouzeilles and Graciela Montaldo

t h e m e x i c o r e a d e r : h i s t o r y , c u l t u r e , p o l i t i c s Edited by Gilbert M. Joseph and Timothy J. Henderson

t h e c u b a r e a d e r : h i s t o r y , c u l t u r e , p o l i t i c s Edited by Aviva Chomsky, Barry Carr, and Pamela Maria Smorkaloff

t h e c o s t a r i c a r e a d e r : h i s t o r y , c u l t u r e , p o l i t i c s Edited by Steven Palmer and Iván Molina

the ecuador reader

h i s t o r y , c u l t u r e , p o l i t i c s

Edited by Carlos de la Torre and Steve Striffler

d u k e u n i v e r s i t y p r e s s Durham and London 2008

©2008Duke University Press

All rights reserved

Printed in the United States of America on acidfree paper b

Typeset in Monotype Dante by Achorn International

Library of Congress CataloginginPublication Data appear

on the last printed page of this book.

Contents

Acknowledgments ix Introduction1

I  Conquest and Colonial Rule 9 Tamara Bray. Ecuador’s PreColumbian Past15 Frank Salomon. Ancestors, Grave Robbers, and the Possible Antecedents of Cañari “Incaism”27 Susan V. Webster. Building a Life in Colonial Quito: José Jaime Ortiz, Architect and Entrepreneur40 Sherwin K. Bryant. Finding Freedom: Slavery in Colonial Ecuador52 Karen Vieira Powers. A Battle of Wills: Inventing Chiefly Legitimacy in the Colonial North Andes68 Sarah C. Chambers. Manuela Sáenz:AmericanaorQuiteña?79 Blanca Muratorio. The State, Missionaries, and Native Consciousness in the Upper Amazon,1767–189686

II A New Nation 99 Andrés Guerrero. The Construction of a Ventriloquist’s Image: Liberal Discourse and the “Miserable Indian Race” in the Late Nineteenth Century103 Friedrich Hassaurek. Four Years among the Ecuadorians117 Juan Montalvo. Selection from Juan Montalvo (1832–1889)121 A. Kim Clark. Railway and Nation in Liberal Ecuador126 Ronn Pineo. Guayaquil and Coastal Ecuador during the Cacao Era136 Rob Rachowiecki. Mountaineering on the Equator: A Historical Perspective148

III The Rise of the Popular 155 Albert B. Franklin. Portrait of a People159 José María Velasco Ibarra. You Are Not My President163

Raphael V. Lasso. The Wonderland167 Jorge Icaza. Patrón and Peon on an Andean Hacienda169 Pablo Palacio. The Man Who Was Kicked to Death175 Henri Michaux. The Indian’s Cabin182 José María Velasco Ibarra. “Heroic Pueblo of Guayaquil”185

IV Global Currents 189 Galo Plaza Lasso. Two Experiments in Education for Democracy193 Adrián Bonilla. The Origins of the Ecuadorian Left200 Carmen Martínez Novo. The Progressive Catholic Church and the Indigenous Movement in Ecuador203 Salomon Isacovici and Juan Manuel Rodríguez. Man of Ashes209 Pablo Cuvi. Men of the Rails and of the Sea218 Jean Muteba Rahier. Creolization and African Diaspora Cultures: The Case of the AfroEsmeraldianDécimas226 Hernán Ibarra. Julio Jaramillo and Music as Identity237 Steve Striffler. The United Fruit Company’s Legacy in Ecuador239 Tom Miller. The Panama Hat Trail250 Diane C. Bates. Deforestation in Ecuador257 Carlos de la Torre. Civilization and Barbarism267 Felipe Burbano de Lara. Deinstitutionalized Democracy271

V Domination and Struggle 277 Carlos de la Torre. Nina Pacari, an Interview279 Sarah A. Radcliffe. Women’s Movements in TwentiethCentury Ecuador284 Pablo Ospina. The Galápagos: Environmental Pressures and Social Opportunities297 Norman E. Whitten Jr. Emerald Freedom: “With Pride in the Face of the Sun”302 Suzana Sawyer. Suing ChevronTexaco321 Dorothea Scott Whitten. Arts of Amazonian and Andean Women329

VI Cultures and Identities Redefined 337 Jean Muteba Rahier. National Identity and the First Black Miss Ecuador (1995–96)341 Brad D. Jokisch and David Kyle. Ecuadorian International Migration350 Mary J. Weismantel. Cities of Women359

Noemí Espinosa. Traditional Foods of Ecuador371 Rudi ColloredoMansfeld. Globalization from Below and The Political Turn among Otavalo’s Merchant Artisans377 X. Andrade. Pancho Jaime385 Javier Vásconez. Big Angel, My Love388 María Fernanda Espinosa. Nature and Humanity through Poetry396 Barry Lyons, with Angel Aranda and Dina Guevara. “Simple People”403 Iván Oñate. The Writings of Iván Oñate415

Suggestions for Further Reading Acknowledgment of Copyrights Index427

419 423

Acknowledgments

We thank the people who shared their ideas and helped guide the direction of this book. Special thanks go to all those who suggested or made particu lar contributions, translated or edited individual selections, and otherwise helped in the difficult task of putting this volume together. We would like to particularly thank Wilfrido Corral and Mayté Chiriboga for all their help. For financial support, we are deeply indebted to the P. Huber Hanes Publication Fund through Duke University Press. Valerie Millholland, at Duke University Press, provided invaluable guidance and was amazingly patient throughout the process. Miriam Angress provided crucial assistance at every stage. We thank them both.