Creative State

Natasha Iskander

Description

At the turn of the twenty-first century, with the amount of money emigrants sent home soaring to new highs, governments around the world began searching for ways to capitalize on emigration for economic growth, and they looked to nations that already had policies in place. Morocco and Mexico featured prominently as sources of "best practices" in this area, with tailor-made financial instruments that brought migrants into the banking system, captured remittances for national development projects, fostered partnerships with emigrants for infrastructure design and provision, hosted transnational forums for development planning, and emboldened cross-border political lobbies.In Creative State, Natasha Iskander chronicles how these innovative policies emerged and evolved over forty years. She reveals that the Moroccan and Mexican policies emulated as models of excellence were not initially devised to link emigration to development, but rather were deployed to strengthen both governments' domestic hold on power. The process of policy design, however, was so iterative and improvisational that neither the governments nor their migrant constituencies ever predicted, much less intended, the ways the new initiatives would gradually but fundamentally redefine nationhood, development, and citizenship. Morocco's and Mexico's experiences with migration and development policy demonstrate that far from being a prosaic institution resistant to change, the state can be a remarkable site of creativity, an essential but often overlooked component of good governance.

Sujets

• Sociologie, société et politique
• Marruecos
• México
• North Africa
• History of Africa
• History of the Americas
• Morocco
• Mexico
• Migration

Informations

• Publié par: Cornell University Press
• Date de parution: 15 juin 2011
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780801462245
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 4 Mo

Extrait

Creative State

Creative State

Forty Years of Mîgratîon and Deveopment Poîcy în Morocco and Mexîco

Natasha Iskander

ILR Press an împrînt of Corne Unîversîty Press Ithaca and London

Copyrîght © 2010 by Corne Unîversîty

A rîghts reserved. Except for brîef quotatîons în a revîew, thîs book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced în any form wîthout permîssîon în wrîtîng from the pubîsher. For înformatîon, address Corne Unîversîty Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850.

Fîrst pubîshed 2010 by Corne Unîversîty Press Fîrst prîntîng, Corne Paperbacks, 2010

Prînted în the Unîted States of Amerîca

Lîbrary of Congress Cataogîng-în-Pubîcatîon Data

Iskander, Natasha N. (Natasha Nefertîtî), 1972-  Creatîve state : forty years of mîgratîon and deveopment poîcy în Morocco and Mexîco / Natasha Iskander.  p. cm.  Incudes bîbîographîca references and îndex.  ISBN 978-0-8014-4872-0 (coth : ak. paper) —ISBN 978-0-8014-7599-3 (pbk. : ak. paper)  1. Morocco—Emîgratîon and îmmîgratîon—Economîc aspects. 2. Mexîco—Emîgratîon and îmmîgratîon—Economîc aspects. 3. Morocco—Emîgratîon and îmmîgratîon—Government poîcy. 4. Mexîco—Emîgratîon and îmmîgratîon—Government poîcy. 5. Emîgrant remîttances—Morocco. 6. Emîgrant remîttances— Mexîco. 7. Morocco—Economîc poîcy. 8. Mexîco—Economîc poîcy. I. Tîte.

JV8978.184 2010 325'.264—dc22

2010010708 Corne Unîversîty Press strîves to use envîronmentay responsîbe suppîers and materîas to the fuest extent possîbe în the pubîshîng of îts books. Such materîas încude vegetabe-based, ow-VOC înks and acîd-free papers that are recyced, totay chorîne-free, or party composed of nonwood ibers. For further înformatîon, vîsît our websîte at www.cornepress.corne.edu.

Coth prîntîng Paperback prîntîng

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

For Maria

Contents

Acknowedgments Lîst of Acronyms Maps Tîmeîne

1. Introductîon: Interpretîve Engagement în Morocco and Mexîco 2. Dîscretîonary State Seeîng: Emîgratîon Poîcy în Morocco and Mexîco untî 1963 3. Reachîng Out: Begînnîng a Conversatîon wîth Moroccan Emîgrants, 1963–1973 4. Reatîona Awareness and Controîng Reatîonshîps: Moroccan State Engagement wîth Moroccan Emîgrants, 1974–1990 5. Practîce and Power: Emîgrants and Deveopment în the Moroccan Souss 6. Process as Resource: Two Kîngs and the Poîtîcs of Rura Deveopment 7. The Reuctant Conversatîonaîst: The Mexîcan Government’s Dîscontînuous Engagement wîth Mexîcan Amerîcans, 1968–2000 8. From Interpretatîon to Poîtîca Movement: State-Mîgrant Engagement în Zacatecas

îx xîîî xv xvîîî

1

2

7

6

8

0

6

118

157

192

236

vîîî

Contents

 9. The Reatîonshîp between “Seeîng” and “Interpretîng”: The Mexîcan Government’s Interpretîve Engagement wîth Mexîcan Mîgrants 10. Concusîon: Creatîng the Creatîve State

Appendîx: Methodoogy Notes References Index

274 305

317 321 331 357

Acknowedgments

Thîs book îs about how we coaborate to create reaîtîes we have as yet to îmagîne, and as I wrote ît, ît began to embody îts centra tenet în ways that I had not expected. It became somethîng very dîfferent from what I had înîtîay envî- sîoned, în terms of both îts form and sîgnîicance în my îfe. It grew înto an ex- pressîon of the reatîonshîps, persona and înteectua, that supported thîs book’s deveopment, and înto an artîcuatîon of the quaîty of attentîon those reatîon- shîps chaenged me to cutîvate. Among the most sîgnîicant of these was my reatîonshîp wîth Mîchae Pîore. I thank hîm for beîng a teacher în the broadest sense of the term. From the begînnîng, he encouraged me to trust my înstîncts and expore îdeas that werestîonynebuoushunches,andshowedbyexampethatînsîghtdepends on compassîon and patîence. I aso thank Rîchard Locke for hîs penetratîng crîtîque and hîs constructîve advîce; Pau Osterman for hîs faîrness, hîs support, and hîs înteectua guîdance; and Aîce Amsden for her dîscernîng comments and crîtîcîsm, and for demonstratîng that creatîvîty often demands îrreverence. I aso extend my gratîtude to Judîth Tender, Wanda Orîkowskî, Pabo Bocz- kowskî, Susan Syomovîcs, and Rîchard Lester for chaengîng me wîth a few dîficut and we-tîmed questîons that caused me to reexamîne assumptîons of mîne so deepy hed that they had become învîsîbe to me. Tîmothy Mîtche exhorted me to be ambîtîous and to wak body înto whatever controversy the book mîght spark. Rogan Kersh generousy shared hîs carefu relectîon on the book’s argument and structure, and provîded advîce that was keen but gente on how to brîng thîs book to competîon. I am gratefu to Een Scha for her steadfast support of thîs project.