Women in the Workplace in America, 1900-2021

Description

A resource guide providing historical context for the challenges, opportunities, and success stories of women in the American workplace. This title support interests in career pursuits and programs in Women’s Studies, Diversity and Inclusion, American History, Cultural Studies and Social Science.

Sujets

• Histoire
• Women
• Workplace
• DEI
• Equality
• Social movement
• History of the United States
• Woman
• Feminism
• Diversity
• The Women
• United States
• Diplôme d'État d'infirmier
• History
• American History
• Discrimination

Informations

• Publié par: Infobase Publishing
• Date de parution: 01 avril 2021
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780780819580
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 6 Mo

Extrait

Women in the Workplace in America, 1900–2021
Women in the Workplace in America, 1900–2021

615 Griswold St., Ste. 520, Detroit, MI 48226
Bibliographic Note
Because this page cannot legibly accommodate all the copyright notices, the Bibliographic Note portion of the Preface constitutes an extension of the copyright notice.
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OMNIGRAPHICS
Pearline Jaikumar, Managing Editor
Angela L. Williams, Editorial Director
Sue Maniloff, VP, Business Development
Kevin Hayes, VP, Operations
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Copyright © 2021 Omnigraphics
ISBN 978-0-7808-1957-3
E-ISBN 978-0-7808-1958-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2021937007
Electronic or mechanical reproduction, including photography, recording, or any other information storage and retrieval system for the purpose of resale is strictly prohibited without permission in writing from the publisher.
The information in this publication was compiled from the sources cited and from other sources considered reliable. While every possible effort has been made to ensure reliability, the publisher will not assume liability for damages caused by inaccuracies in the data, and makes no warranty, express or implied, on the accuracy of the information contained herein.

This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the ANSI Z39.48 Standard. The infinity symbol that appears above indicates that the paper in this book meets that standard.
Printed in the United States
I don’t say women’s rights — I say the constitutional principle of the equal citizenship stature of men and women.
—U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Table of Contents
Foreword
Author’s Note
Part 1 • New Century, New Visions, 1900–1929
Milestones for Women Prior to 1900
Chapter 1—Early Twentieth-Century Trailblazers,1900–1909
Section 1.1 • Overview
Section 1.2 • WOMAN WARRIORS
Army Nurses Corps Formed
Navy Nurse Corps Formed
Section 1.3 • Shirtwaist Workers Strike of 1909
Section 1.4 • TRAILBLAZERS
Marie Louise Bottineau Baldwin
Mary Church Turrell
Madam C. J. Walker
Maggie L. Walker
Ida B. Wells
Zitkala-Ša
Chapter 2—Mobilizing for Inclusion, Enfranchisement, and War, 1910–1919
Section 2.1 • Overview
Section 2.2 • LONG JOURNEY TO ENFRANCHISEMENT
Woman’s Suffrage: The Early Years
Sidebar: Declaration of Sentiments
The 1913 Woman Suffragist Procession
The Silent Sentinels and Voting Rights
Sidebar: What Is the Role of Political Dissent during Wartime?
Sidebar: Symbols Associated with the Suffrage Movement
The Suffrage “Prison Special” Tour of 1919
Sidebar: The Politics of Respectability
Sidebar: The Politics of Dress
Sidebar: There Is a Difference between a Suffragist and a Suffragette
Section 2.3 • WOMAN WARRIORS
Introduction
Navy Yeomen (F): “The First, The Few, The Forgotten”
Army Signal Corps Female Unit, on the Front Lines
Sidebar: Women’s Services Integration Act of 1948
Women Marines
Section 2.4 • TRAILBLAZERS
Bessie Coleman
Dr. Susan La Flesche Picotte
Jeanette Rankin
Margaret Sanger
Sidebar: The Comstock Laws
Section 2.5 • Women in Factories
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire of 1911
Bread and Roses Strike of 1912
Paterson Silk Strike of 1913
Cotton Mill Girls
Sidebars: Reports from the National Child Labor Committee’s Pamphlet Child Wages in the Cotton Mills: Our Modern Feudalism
Chapter 3—Uncredited Trailblazers in a Decade of Contradictions, 1920–1929
Section 3.1 • Overview
Section 3.2 • Two Steps Forward in the Journey to Full Inclusion
Section 3.3 • Legacies of Woman Suffrage
Sidebar: The Women’s Bureau
Section 3.4 • WOMEN IN FACTORIES
1925 Labor Developments
The Plight of the Radium Girls
Section 3.5 • UNCREDITED TRAILBLAZERS
Emmy Noether: Invisible Genius
Hidden Women of NACA and NASA
Sidebar: Jim Crow Laws
Sidebar: A Small Sampling of Jim Crow Laws from Various States
Section 3.6 • TRAILBLAZERS
Edith Clarke
Annie Oakley: A Different Way to Earn a Living
Edith Wilson: America’s First (Unacknowledged) Woman President
Chapter 4—In Need of New Deals, 1930–1939
Section 4.1 • Overview
Section 4.2 • THE GREAT DEPRESSION
The Great Depression at a Glance
The Great Depression and Women’s Work
Section 4.3 • Section 213 of the Federal Economy Act: President Hoover’s Lousy New Deal for Women
Section 4.4 • THE NEW DEAL
A New President Addresses the Three R’s
Frances Perkins: “Architect of the New Deal,” 1931
The Social Security Act of 1935
Fair Labor Standards Act and a Minimum Wage
Sidebar: A History of the Federal Minimum Wage
Section 4.5 • NATIVE AMERICAN HEALTH IN A TIME OF SCARCITY
The First (and Only) Nursing School for Native Americans Is Established, 1932
Section 4.6 • Uncredited Trailblazer Elizebeth Smith Friedman: The Hero That History Forgot
Section 4.7 • TRAILBLAZERS
Mary McLeod Bethune
Charlotte Perkins Gilman: A Woman Trapped by Her Time
Hedy Lamarr, Innovator Supreme
Part 2 • Cultural Shifts and Sonic Booms, 1940–1969
Introduction: Adaptability and Innovation
Chapter 5—Calling All Women,1940–1949
Section 5.1 • Women in a Changing Workforce
Section 5.2 • WOMAN WARRIORS
Army Nurse Corps
Cadet Nurse Corps
Coast Guard Women’s Reserve (SPARS)
Navy Nurse Corps
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES)
Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP)
Women’s Army Corps (WAC)
Sidebar: Women’s Army Corps Training at Chickamauga Civil War Battleground
Women Marines
Section 5.3 • United Nations Charter
Section 5.4 • UNCREDITED TRAILBLAZERS
Alice Austen
Chien-Shiung Wu
Invisible Women Create Modern Computing: The ENIAC Women
Section 5.5 • TRAILBLAZERS
Trailblazing Human-Rights Advocate Eleanor Roosevelt
Chapter 6—Suspicion, Purges, and Oppression, 1950–1959
Section 6.1 • Overview
Section 6.2 • The Myth of Female Inferiority
Section 6.3 • TRAILBLAZERS
Mathematical and Programming Pioneer Commander Grace Hopper Helps Create COBOL
Clare Booth Luce Becomes First Woman Ambassador to a Major Posting
Rosa Parks
Section 6.4 • Brownie Wise and the Tupperware® Party
Chapter 7—Breaking Ground, Gaining Ground, 1960–1969
Section 7.1 • PRESIDENTIAL COMMISSIONS AND TASK FORCES ON WOMEN
President Kennedy’s 1961 Presidential Commission on the Status of Women
President Nixon’s 1969 White House Task Force on Women’s Rights and Responsibilities
Section 7.2 • LEGISLATION
Equal Pay Act of 1963
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
Section 7.3 • Addressing Discrimination in the Workplace with Affirmative Action
Section 7.4 • TRAILBLAZERS
Environmental Scientist Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring
Dolores Huerta
Section 7.5 • Betty Friedan’s Groundbreaking Book The Feminine Mystique Launches Second-Wave Women’s Movement
Section 7.6 • National Organization for Women (NOW) Founded, 1967
Part 3 • Revolution and Equality for All, 1970–1999
Introduction: “Living the Revolution”
Chapter 8—“Unbought and Unbossed,” 1970–1979
Section 8.1 • Overview
Section 8.2 • LEGISLATION AND JUDICIAL DECISIONS
Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1974
Pregnancy Discrimination AcT OF 1978
The Landmark Roe v. Wade Decision and Expansion of Women’s Reproductive Rights
Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Hyde Amendment of 1976
Section 8.3 • TRAILBLAZERS
NOW Member Shirley Chisholm Is First Black Woman Elected to the House, 1968
Ellen T. Grasso
Helen Thomas
Section 8.4 • Tennis Great Billie Jean King Wins the Battle of the Sexes
Sidebar: Title IX
Section 8.5 • Gloria Steinem and the First National Magazine Produced, Written, Edited, and Managed by and for Women
Chapter 9—A Decade of Firsts, 1980–1989
Section 9.1 • Overview
Section 9.2 • JUDICIAL DECISIONS
Rostker v. Goldberg
Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson
Section 9.3 • May Chen Co-Organizes the 1982 New York City Chinatown Strike
Sidebar: The International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU)
Section 9.4 • TRAILBLAZERS
Trailblazing Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor
Congresswoman Geraldine Ferraro Chosen as Walter Mondale’s Running Mate
Trailblazing Talk-Show Host and Media Mogul Oprah Winfrey
Bombshell Badass Jane Fonda
Sidebar: The Bechdel Test
Guerrilla Girls Expose Gender and Ethnic Bias in the Art World
Chapter 10—Stepping Up and Pushing Back, 1990–1999
Section 10.1 • Overview
Section 10.2 • Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Section 10.3 • LEGISLATION AND JUDICIAL DECISIONS
U.S. v. Virginia : A Judicial Decision That Opened New Doors and Career Paths for Women
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
Section 10.4 • Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Section 10.5 • Ada Deer
Section 10.6 • The Rise and Fall and Rise Again of Ellen DeGeneres
Section 10.7 • Anita Hill
Part 4 • Diversity: The New Normal, 2000–2021
Introduction, 2000–2021
Chapter 11—Unequal Pay, Unequal Work, 2000–2009
Section 11.1 • “Standing Up for Fair Pay”: The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009
Section 11.2 • The Great Recession and Its Impact on Women
Section 11.3 • Age Discrimination Is a Woman’s Issue
Sidebar: Intersectional Claims
Section 11.4 • The Whistleblowers
Sidebar: The Whistleblowers Protection Enhancement Act of 2012
Section 11.5 • Trailblazers
First Lady Michelle Obama
Trailblazing Senator Tammy Duckworth
Chapter 12—Don’t Ask, Do Tell, 2010–2019
Section 12.1 • Overview
Section 12.2 • Senate Majority Blocks Equal Pay for Women Workers
Section 12.3 • Military Ban on Women in Combat Lifted
Section 12.4 • TRAILBLAZERS
Hillary Rodham Clinton’s Historic Run
Stacey Cunningham Named Head of the New York Stock Exchange
U.S. Women’s Soccer Team
Section 12.5 • Sexual Violence in the Workplace and the #MeToo Movement
Chapter 13—The Audacity of Work, 2020–2021
Section 13.1 • Overview
Section 13.2 • Women with Disabilities Hit Hardest by Pandemic Job Losses
Section 13.3 • TRAILBLAZERS
Kamala Harris
Deb Haalan