Antietam, South Mountain, and Harpers Ferry

S. Rafuse Ethan

Description

In September 1862 the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and the Union Army of the Potomac conducted one of the truly great campaigns of the Civil War. At South Mountain, Harpers Ferry, and Antietam, North and South clashed in engagements whose magnitude and importance would earn this campaign a distinguished place in American military history. The siege of Harpers Ferry produced the largest surrender of U.S. troops in the nation’s history until World War II, while the day-long battle at Antietam on September 17 still holds the distinction of being the single bloodiest day of combat in American history.

This invaluable book provides a clear, convenient, stop-by-stop guide to the sites in Maryland and West Virginia associated with the Antietam campaign, including excursions to Harpers Ferry and South Mountain. Thorough descriptions and analyses, augmented with vignettes and numerous maps, convey the mechanics as well as the human experience of the campaign, making this book the perfect companion for both serious students of the Civil War and casual visitors to its battlefields.

Sujets

• Histoire
• USA
• United States of America
• History of the Americas
• American Civil War
• États-Unis
• Guerre de Sécession
• Maryland

Informations

• Publié par: Bison Books
• Date de parution: 01 décembre 2008
• Nombre de lectures: 0
• EAN13: 9780803219434
• Langue: English
• Poids de l'ouvrage: 53 Mo

Extrait

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ThIs HallOwED GROunD: GuIDEs tO CIvIl WaR BattlEîElDs

S e r i e S e d i T o r S

BROOks d. SImpsOn ARIzOna StatE UnIvERsIty

MaRk GRImslEy ThE ohIO StatE UnIvERsIty

StEvEn e. WOODwORth TExas ChRIstIan UnIvERsIty

ANTIETAM, SOUTH MOUNTAIN,

AND HARPERS FERRY

A BATTLEFIELD GUIDE

ETHAN S. RAFUSE

Cartography by Christopher L. Brest • University of Nebraska Press

Lincoln and London

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©2008by thE BOaRD Of rEgEnts Of thE UnIvERsIty Of NEbRaska All RIghts REsERvED ManufactuRED In thE UnItED StatEs Of AmERIca ∞

LIbRaRy Of COngREss CatalOgIng-In-PublIcatIOn data rafusE, ethan SEpp,1968– AntIEtam, SOuth MOuntaIn, anD HaRpERs FERRy: a battlEîElD guIDE / ethan S. rafusE; caRtOgRaphy by ChRIstOphER L. BREst.  p. cm. — (ThIs hallOwED gROunD) incluDEs bIblIOgRaphIcal REfEREncEs. isbn978-0-8032-3970-8(pbk.: alk. papER) 1. AntIEtam, BattlE Of, MD.,1862. 2. SOuth MOuntaIn, BattlE Of, MD.,1862. 3. HaRpERs FERRy, BattlE Of, HaRpERs FERRy, W. Va.,1862. 4. AntIEtam NatIOnal BattlEîElD (MD.) — GuIDEbOOks.5. BattlEîElDs — MaRylanD — BuRkIttsvIllE rEgIOn — GuIDEbOOks.6. HaRpERs FERRy NatIOnal HIstORIcal PaRk — GuIDEbOOks.7. ShaRpsbuRg rEgIOn (MD.) — GuIDEbOOks.8. BuRkIttsvIllE rEgIOn (MD.) — GuIDEbOOks.9. HaRpERs FERRy rEgIOn (W. Va.) — GuIDEbOOks.10. UnItED StatEs — HIstORy — CIvIl WaR,1861–1865 — BattlEîElDs — GuIDEbOOks. i. BREst, ChRIstOphER LawREncE,1950– ii. TItlE. e474.65.r34 2008 973.7'3 — Dc22 2008018263

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stop5  5a  5b

stop4  4a  4b

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

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Contents

stop6  6a  6b  6c  6d

Ix xIII xv

LeedEplOys anD Plans, SEptEmbER16,1862

Lee’sBattlE Plan, SEptEmbER17,1862

1

3 9

10 12 15 16

AcknOwlEDgEmEnts

intRODuctIOn

HOw tO UsE ThIs GuIDE

Antietam

ThE rOaD tO AntIEtam

AntIEtam NatIOnal BattlEîElD VIsItOR CEntER

BattlEîElD VIsta

LeeARRIvEs, SEptEmbER15,1862

PRy HOusE ThE FEDERals ARRIvE, SEptEmbER15,1862 McClEllan dEplOys HIs COmmanD, SEptEmbER16,1862 McClEllan Plans anD ManagEs thE BattlE,

stop3  3a  3b

HOOkER MOvEs IntO POsItIOn, SEptEmbER16–17,1862

ThE i CORps Attacks,5:00–6:00a.m.

east WOODs TwIlIght SkIRmIsh, SEptEmbER16,1862,4:30–7:00p.m. rIckEtts’s BattlE, SEptEmbER17,1862,5:00–7:00a.m.

29 30 32

35 36 38

ThE HagERstOwn PIkE

NORth WOODs

SEptEmbER17,1862

Hood’sCOuntERattack,6:45–7:15a.m.

ThE CORnîElD

intO thE CORnîElD,6:00–7:00a.m.

dOublEDay’s Attack,6:00–6:30a.m.

Hood’srEpulsE,7:15–7:45a.m.

GREEnE’s ADvancE,8:15–9:00a.m.

HillARRIvEs,7:45–8:30a.m.

61

WEst WOODs SumnER ARRIvEs,7:00–9:00a.m. intO thE WEst WOODs,9:00–9:30a.m. McLawsARRIvEs,8:00–9:30a.m.

42 43 45

63 64 66 68

overview of sumner’s fight, 9:00 a.m.–2:00 p.m.

27

25

22

overview of hooker’s fight, 5:30–9:00 a.m.

19 20

48 49 51 54 57

stop2  2a  2b  2c

stop8  8a  8b

NatIOnal CEmEtERy

ThE day AftER, SEptEmbER18,1862

70 73

ottO CORnîElD

stop13  13a  13b

stop9  9a  9b  9c

stop11  11a  11b  11c

130

128

132

stop g

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

stop12  12a  12b  12c

141

optional excursion1:BlOODy LanE

138

136

122 123 125

107 108 111 113

stop f

stop10  10a  10b

133

ThE SunkEn rOaD is CaptuRED,11:45a.m.–12:15p.m.

ThE UnIOn Attack Stalls,12:15–2:00p.m.

dunkER ChuRch

Hill’sdEfEnsE,9:30a.m.

KImball’s Attack,10:00–10:15a.m.

WEbER’s anD MORRIs’s Attacks,9:30–10:00a.m.

ThE iRIsh BRIgaDE Attacks,11:15–11:45a.m.

AndersonanD rIchaRDsOn ARRIvE,10:00–11:15a.m.

BlOODy LanE

FRanklIn’s BattlE,1:00–3:00p.m.

FREnch’s Attack,9:30–11:00a.m.

FREnch ARRIvEs,7:30–9:30a.m.

GORDOn’s ChaRgE,9:45–10:15a.m.

GREEnE SEIzEs thE WEst WOODs,9:00a.m.–12:45p.m.

75 76 78

“WE must gEt Out Of thIs,”9:00–10:00a.m.

89

99 100 102 104

91 92 96

overview of burnside’s fight, 10:00 a.m.–6:00 p.m.

80 81 83 86

115 116 119

127

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stop c

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stop b

ThE UnIOn BREakthROugh,11:00a.m.–1:30p.m.

“A dIfîcult Task,”9:00–11:15a.m.

BuRnsIDE BRIDgE

ThE iX CORps Attacks

ThE FEDERal SuccEss,11:15a.m.–1:30p.m.

rODman’s Attack,3:15–4:30p.m.

ThE FEDERals dEplOy,1:00–3:00p.m.

AntIEtam NatIOnal CEmEtERy

Lee’sHEaDquaRtERs

LeerEtREats, SEptEmbER18–21,1862

ChRIst’s anD WElsh’s ADvancE,3:15–4:30p.m.

Lee’sCOuncIl Of WaR, SEptEmbER17,1862

ThE16th COnnEctIcut,3:45–4:30p.m.

ThE FEDERals HOlD thE BRIDgE,4:30–6:00p.m.

A. P.HillARRIvEs,3:00–4:15p.m.

7d 7e

stop e

stop d

stop5  5a  5b  5c

ThE BattlE Of ShEphERDstOwn, SEptEmbER19–20,1862

rEcROssIng thE POtOmac, SEptEmbER18–19,1862

196 197 198

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

185 186 190

192 193

152

148

150

147

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stop f

stop b

stop c

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GathlanD StatE PaRk

Harpers Ferry

overview of the siege of harpers Ferry,

september 13–15, 1862

FRanklIn MOvEs IntO PlEasant VallEy,

SEptEmbER15,1862

overview of the battle of south mountain, september 14, 1862

South Mountain

FOx’s Gap COx’s Attack,5:00a.m.–nOOn UnIOn VIctORy, nOOn–10:00p.m.

161

158

157

155

Toombs’sPOsItIOn,7:30–10:00a.m.

ThE FIRst FEDERal Assault,10:00–10:30a.m.

NaglE’s Attack,10:45–11:15a.m.

ThE FEDERals CaptuRE thE BRIDgE, nOOn–1:00p.m.

ThE UnIOn BRIDgEhEaD,1:00–3:00p.m.

MOuntaIn HOusE

GIbbOn’s Attack,5:00–9:00p.m.

MEaDE’s Assault anDRodes’sdEfEnsE,4:30–6:00p.m.

Hatch’s Assault,4:30–10:00p.m.

167

163

173

171

177 178 181

Mt. TabOR CEmEtERy

rODman’s MaRch anD CROssIng,10:30a.m.–1:15p.m.

205

207

209

Last StanD at CRamptOn’s Gap,6:00–7:00p.m.

Cobb’sdEfEnsE,5:45–6:00p.m.

ThE FEDERal Attack, nOOn–5:45p.m.

FRanklIn’s AssIgnmEnt,5:00a.m.–nOOn

BuRkIttsvIllE

165

201 202 204

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stop3  3a

stop a

stop1  1a  1b

optional excursion2:BuRnsIDE BRIDgE

stop g

stop a

stop d

stop e

ThE FEDERal PausE,1:00–3:00p.m.

optional excursion3:BOtElER’s FORD

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

stop1  1a  1b  1c

stop2  2a  2b  2c

appendix a

appendix b

HaRpERs FERRy NatIOnal HIstORIcal PaRk VIsItOR CEntER

HaRpERs FERRy

StRatEgIc POInt anD dEathtRap

ThE COnfEDERatEs COnvERgE On HaRpERs FERRy,

SEptEmbER10–13,1862

ThE HaplEss dEfEnDERs, SEptEmbER10–13,1862

BOlIvaR HEIghts

ThE NOOsE is ClOsED, SEptEmbER13,1862

COnfEDERatE BOmbaRDmEnt, SEptEmbER14–15,1862

HaRpERs FERRy Falls, SEptEmbER14–15,1862

AftER AntIEtam

oRDERs Of BattlE

oRganIzatIOn, WEapOns, anD TactIcs

SOuRcEs

FOR FuRthER rEaDIng

211

212 213

215 218

220 221 223 225

229

233

243

255

261

Acknowledgments

it Is wIth gREat plEasuRE that i ExpREss appREcIatIOn tO thE many pEOplE whO hElpED mE put tOgEthER thIs guIDE, staRt- Ing wIth sERIEs EDItORs MaRk GRImslEy, BROOks SImpsOn, anD StEvEn WOODwORth, whO InvItED mE tO cOntRIbutE thIs vOlumE tO thEIR sERIEs anD pROvIDED wElcOmE guIDancE thROughOut thE pROcEss Of puttIng It tOgEthER. MaRk In paR- tIculaR pROvIDED ExtEnsIvE anD thOROugh fEEDback basED On hIs Own ExtEnsIvE knOwlEDgE Of thE subjEct mattER anD vIs- Its tO thE îElD wIth EaRlIER DRafts Of thE guIDE In hanD. i OwE an EnORmOus DEbt tO ThOmas G. ClEmEns On many cOunts, thE îRst amOng thEsE bEIng hIs wIllIngnEss tO pRO- vIDE mE wIth a placE tO stay DuRIng vIsIts tO wEstERn MaRy- lanD, as wEll as guIDancE anD fEEDback that nOt Only En- hancED my knOwlEDgE Of thE campaIgn but alsO fORcED mE tO REthInk anD cORREct many Of thE IDEas i pREvIOusly haD. TOm alsO DID mE thE gREat favOR Of puttIng mE In cOntact wIth SOuth MOuntaIn authORIty StEvE StOtElmyER, whOsE Ex- pERtIsE gREatly EnhancED my unDERstanDIng Of thE îghtIng at FOx’s Gap. i alsO thank MaRk SnEll, DIREctOR Of thE GEORgE TylER MOORE CEntER fOR thE StuDy Of thE CIvIl WaR at ShEp- hERD UnIvERsIty, anD TED AlExanDER, chIEf hIstORIan at AntIE- tam NatIOnal BattlEîElD, fOR InvItIng mE tO paRtIcIpatE In a numbER Of pROgRams that gavE mE OppORtunItIEs tO ExplORE anD thInk abOut thE MaRylanD campaIgn. i alsO appREcIatE TED’s makIng avaIlablE tO mE thE REsOuRcEs Of thE battlEîElD lIbRaRy anD thE tREmEnDOus assIstancE that staff mEmbERs at AntIEtam, EspEcIally BRIan BaRacz, KEIth SnyDER, anD KEvEn WalkER, pROvIDED mE DuRIng my tRIps tO thE battlEîElD. i alsO thank dEnnIs FRyE fOR takIng thE tImE tO gIvE mE hIs ExpERt fEEDback On thE sEctIOns Of thE guIDE aDDREssIng thE OpERatIOns at HaRpERs FERRy. i havE bEEn fORtunatE tO havE haD sEvERal OppORtunItIEs, as a mEmbER Of thE faculty at thE U.S. MIlItaRy AcaDEmy anD U.S. ARmy COmmanD anD GEnERal Staff COllEgE, tO lEaD caDEts anD OfîcERs aROunD thE battlE- îElDs Of WEst VIRgInIa anD wEstERn MaRylanD, anD thank thE OfîcERs anD cIvIlIan InstRuctORs whO havE cOllabORatED wIth mE On thOsE pROgRams, EspEcIally ChaRlEs BOwERy JR., dana Mangham, Sam WatsOn, CuRt KIng, anD BOb KEnnEDy. As always, my waRmEst appREcIatIOn Is tO my wIfE rachEl fOR hER lOvE anD suppORt whIlE i wORkED On thIs pROjEct. FInal- ly, fOR bEIng a sOuRcE Of jOy bEyOnD mEasuRE anD makIng stOps fOR IcE cREam manDatORy paRts Of OuR tRavEls tOgEthER- -anD hOpIng shE sOmEDay unDERstanDs anD înDs sOmE valuE In what hER DaD DOEs--i thank anD DEDIcatE thIs bOOk tO my favORItE lIttlE battlEîElD tRampER, CORInnE LEE rafusE.

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